Tangs and Surgeonfish

Tangs or Surgeonfish belong to the Acanthuridae family, and are classified into six genera which include Acanthurus, Paracanthurus, Ctenochaetus, Naso, Zebrasoma, and Prionurus. Tangs are commonly referred to as Surgeonfish or Doctorfish and can be identified by their characteristic spine or spines on the side of their bodies near the tail. These scalpel-like spine or spines are used in aggression and to defend themselves from other fish. Use caution when handling these fish since their spines can inflict a painful wound. Tangs are found throughout the world, and are most commonly associated with coral or rocky reefs. Tangs are commonly found in schools, though some may be found in pairs, or even solitary when young. Most Tangs reach a length of six inches in an aquarium, but the largest member of this family grows to over 28 inches in the wild.
These fish adapt well to an aquarium setting if provided with a few hiding places and plenty of room to swim. If more than one species of Tang is going to be kept, introduce different genera along with different-sized specimens simultaneously to limit aggression. Tangs are often susceptible to marine ich due to their small scales, so use caution if the fish will be introduced into a reef aquarium. They are also susceptible to lateral line erosion. A good diet will help prevent the erosion and a UV sterilizer attached to the aquarium system will minimize the possibility of ich and other parasites. Most Tangs feed on algae and detritus, so provide foods containing Spirulina algae or dried seaweed, and other vegetable matter.

No distinguishing characteristics differentiate males from females, and the breeding of these fish in an aquarium is extremely difficult. It is also very difficult to rear the fry, since they remain in the planktonic stage for months and would be in constant danger from the filters.

They are generally compatible with: Dwarf Angelfish, Large Angelfish, Anglers & Frogfish, Anthias, Basslets, Blennies, Boxfish, Clownfish, Damselfish, Eels, Filefish, Goatfish, Gobies, Groupers, Grunts & Sweetlips, Hawkfish, Hogfish, Lionfish & Scorpionfish, Parrotfish, Pseudochromis, Puffers, Squirrelfish and Wrasse.

Caution is required with: Batfish, Butterflyfish, Cardinalfish, Tangs & Surgeons and Triggerfish.

They are not compatible with: Seahorses & Pipefish and Sharks & Rays.